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Analele Universitatii "Eftimie Murgu" Resita. Fascicula de Inginerie
Vol. 23, No. 1 (2016)
COVER
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
ARTICLES
Development of a WormCAD using Parametric Design Approach
Olayinka Oluwole Agboola,
Peter Pelumi Ikubanni,
Adeolu Adesoji Adediran,
Rotimi Adedayo Ibikunle,
Bamidele Temitope Ogunsemi
Gears as power transmission devices are capable of changing the
speed, torque, and direction of a power source and are considered to
be one of the most important devices used in many types of machinery
owing to their durability and higher power transmission efficiency.
Worm gears as a type of gear are widely used for transmitting power at
high velocity ratios between non-intersecting shafts. Worm gears are
very useful in machine design but its design requires a lot of design assumptions
and calculations. To achieve a rapid design devoid of errors,
there is need to have a customized computer program capable of designing
worm gears using standardized design equations; and that is
what WormCAD stands for. The software was designed using
JavaScript programming language and the Node.js platform. The
WormCAD was tested to be accurate, faster and convenient hence it
will be a viable software to be used by worm gear designers.
Pages: 11-22
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text
Development and Evaluation of Charcoal-Powered Bread Baking Oven
Alimasunya E,
Olotu Yahaya,
Muhammed N
SThe paper presents the research results achieved in order to perform a
comparison regarding the influence of natural and forced cooling process
applied to the Nitinol active springs inside a linear motion actuator.
SMAs offer attractive potentials such as reversible strains of several
percent, generation of high recovery stresses and high power / weight
ratios. The actuator behavior was simulated first with SolidWorks and
experimentally tested for results validation.
Pages: 23-30
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text
The Optimal Dividing of Available Human Resources On Existing Machinery
Alexandru Victor Amariei,
Daniel Mihai Amariei
In the present paper is followed an optimal dividing of five operators on the same number of machines,
using the Hungarian algorithm through Network Modeling module, in the WinQSB software.
Pages: 31-38
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text
Study on the Evolution of Weights on the Market of Competitive Products using Markov Chains
Daniel Mihai Amariei,
Alexandru Victor Amariei
In this paper aims the application through the Markov Process mode, within the software product WinQSB,
Markov chain in the establishment of the development on the market of five brands of athletic shoes.
Pages: 39-44
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text
Optimising the Design Process of the Injection Camshaft
by Critical Path Method (CPM)
Olga-Ioana Amariei,
Codruta Oana Hamat,
Vadim Chistruga
In the present paper a series of advantages of the CPM method are
presented, focusing on the optimization of design duration of an injection
camshaft, by cost criteria. The minimum duration of finalizing the
design of the injection camshaft will be determined, as well as the total
cost associated to this project, normally, and then under crash regime.
At the end, two types of sensitivity analysis will be performed: Meeting
the desire completation time and Meeting the desired budget cost.
Pages: 45-52
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Applying Simulation to Optimize Production Flows
Olga-Ioana Amariei,
Codruta Oana Hamat
In this paper an optimization is carried out through simulation of the
production flows of two production systems of lower rank. A methodology
of simulation-optimization is developed, starting from the general
methodology for achieving a simulation process. The system to be simulated
is a new system, not an existing one that has to be improved.
Pages: 53-60
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text
Team Viewer Technology for Remote Control of a
Computer
Cornelia Victoria Anghel Drugarin,
Silviu Draghici,
Eugen Raduca
Team Viewer software is used to remote control our PC. We can use
this remote control technology to desktop sharing, online conferences
and for file transfer between computers. Basically, using this software,
you can ask for help a friend, or professional software to solve problems
from a distance, without it having to be physically go to each client
/ friend in part. After installed and configured Team Viewer
application, is complete, we can remote control the computer.
Pages: 61-66
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text
Digital Speed Cascade Control, using Scilab / Xcos
Environment
Petru Chioncel,
Nicoleta Gillich,
Cristian Paul Chioncel,
Elisabeta Spunei
This paper deals with technical matters relating to the protection of
existing and innovative riverbanks, farmland and homes in case of
natural disasters. Also includes comparative presentation of proposed
solutions regarding the advantages and disadvantages occurring during
developments.
Pages: 67-72
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text
Study of the Magnetic Field of a Permanent Magnet
Synchronous Generator by using the Finite Element
Method
Constantin Gabriel Dobrean,
Marius Biriescu,
Martian Mot,
Gheorghe Madescu,
Marian Greconici
The study shows the numerical simulation of the magnetic field for a
permanent magnet synchronous generator prototype. Through the
study, the OPERA software environment, a program based on the numerical
computation using the finite element method and used for the
virtual simulation of the synchronous generator prototype, is shown.
This 5 kVA power, permanent magnet and low speed prototype is
meant for uses in hydraulic driven applications, namely wind applications,
and was performed within a cooperations between the Faculty of
Automation and Computers and the Faculty of Electrical and Power Engineering
within the “Politehnica” University of Timisoara.
Pages: 73-88
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text
Theoretic Considerations on the Influence of Electrode
Wire Additional Preheating upon MIG – MAG Welding
Tudorel Ene
The paper theoretically analyses the influence on the MIG-MAG welding
process of additional preheating at the free end of the electrode wire
by one or several heat sources, produced by independent current
sources, and the modifications required by the welding equipment,
consisting in the use of a system of electrode wire feed with the electrode
wire advance speed depending on the arc voltage (SVD.
Pages: 89-94
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text
Case Study Regarding the Design of a Direct Current
Electromagnet for the MIG Welding of Metallic Materials. Part I: Description of the Welding Methods and Preliminary
Calculus of the Electromagnet
Tudorel Ene
The paper refers to the design of a direct current electromagnet, located
on the head of a swan neck welding gun of a MIG welding
equipment and used for magnetising the rotation space of two additional
electric arches, in order to preheat the electrode wire and of the
protective gas, partially turned into plasma jet. One describes the MIG
welding method in which the electromagnet is used as well as its preliminary
calculus.
Pages: 95-102
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text
Case Study Regarding the Design of a Direct Current
Electromagnet for the MIG Welding of Metallic Materials. Part II: Constructive-Electromagnetic Dimension
and Verification of the Electromagnet Operation
Tudorel Ene
The paper refers to the design of a direct current electromagnet, located
on the head of a swan neck welding gun of a MIG welding
equipment and used for magnetising the rotation space of two additional
electric arches, in order to preheat the electrode wire and of the
protective gas, partially turned into plasma jet. We present the constructive
- electromagnetic dimensioning and the verification of the
electromagnet operation.
Pages: 103-114
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text
Analysis of Electricity Consumption for Industrial
Consumers
Marius Constantin Georgescu
This paper presents a case study regarding the analysis of electricity
consumption for a slaughter house as industrial consumer. This analysis
takes into consideration the load curves during a whole year time
delay. Based on data processing statistical methods within this case
study, the author develops a forecasting procedure with time series
analysis in order to better estimate the electricity consumption during a
year. For the considered consumer, continuous supplied all the day by
two power delivery networks of 20kV by means of an electrical
transformer, practical results have been considered in order to verify
the accuracy of statistical analysis.
Pages: 115-120
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Contributions to the Kinematic Analysis of the Double
Harmonic Gear Transmission
Draghita Ianici,
Sava Ianici
The paper presents the kinematic analysis of the double harmonic gear
transmission by comparative determining of the transmission ratio for
two constructive variants of these transmissions. It demonstrates the
viability of double harmonic gear transmission (DHGT) by presenting
the operating principle and calculation of transmission ratio by using
the analytical method of inversion motion. We performed a comparative
analysis of transmission ratio for the two kinematic models of
DHGT (z2 = z'2, respectively z2 ≠ z'2).
Pages: 121-126
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Research Concerning Deformation of Flexible
Wheel of the Double Harmonic Gear Transmission
Sava Ianici,
Draghita Ianici
The paper presents a study of the dynamic behaviour of flexible
toothed wheel whit combined radial teeth (exterior, respectively interior),
of a double harmonic gear transmission (DHGT). We present a
comparative-critical analysis of two deformation laws of the flexible
toothed wheel (one elliptical and other cosine type), using a set of
computer programs of own conception, written in Visual Basic. We
demonstrate a similarity between cosine deformation law of the flexible
wheel and the elliptical law, proving that the cosine deformation
law can approximate the elliptical law with a high degree of accuracy.
Pages: 127-134
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text
Evaluation of Irrigation Technology Adoption in Edo
State Nigeria
Imanogor P.A.,,
Unuigbe O.M.
The acceptance and continuous use of any innovation is the ultimate
objective of extension programme. However, extension efforts have
failed to avail farmers with some beneficial research-based agricultural
technology. There are various factors which predispose farmers to the
adoption of any innovation. This study was carried out to find out what
factors would favourably dispose farmers to the adoption of irrigation
technology. The study was done in the three senatorial districts of Edo
State. A total of one hundred and fifty farmers were interviewed of
which fifty nine were adopters of irrigation technology. Personal
characteristics of farmers which were found to significantly influence
the adoption of the innovation include farm size, level of education,
social participation and contact with extension agents with a significant
index value of 0.88. However the required impact desired through
extension service is yet to be appreciated.
Pages: 135-144
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Optimal Design of DC Electromagnets Based on Imposed
Dynamic Characteristics
Sergiu Ivas,
Madalin Costin
In this paper is proposed a method for computing of optimal geometric
dimensions of a DC electromagnet, based on the imposed dynamical
characteristics. For obtaining the optimal design, it is built the criterion
function in an analytic form that may be optimized in the order to find
the constructive solution. Numerical simulations performed in Matlab
software confirm the proposed work. The presented method can be extended
to other electromagnetic devices which frequently operate in
dynamic regime.
Pages: 145-154
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text
Design and Simulation of Electrocardiogram Circuit
with Automatic Analysis of ECG Signal
Tosin Jemilehin,
Michael Adu
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is the graphical record of bioelectric signal
generated by the human body during cardiac cycle, it tells a lot about
the medical status of an individual. A typical ECG waveform consist of
the P, Q, R, S and T wave. The automatic ECG signal analysis
comprises of using computational method/approach in extracting
important features and classification of ECG waveform. This paper
presents a concise ECG circuit design using an instrumentation
amplifier and a band-pass passive filter. It also present the process
involved in analysis of ECG signal. The first stage is the pre-filtering
stage, followed by feature extraction of the signal. QRS complex is first
extracted followed by P and T wave detection, also the FFT of the
signal is also extracted. These features are fed into the classifier for
proper classification. A pattern recognition neural network is used for
classification, prior to the full deployment of the neural network, it is
trained by pre-recorded ECG signal downloaded from the MIT/BIH
Arrhythmias database. The neural network gave a satisfactory result
with accuracy of around 87%.The whole ECG signal analysis is
packaged into a MATLAB GUI for ease of use.
Pages: 155-172
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text
Evaluation of Hydraulic Loads on the Runner Blades
of a Kaplan Turbine using CFD Simulation and Model Test
Zoltan-Iosif Korka,
Viorel Campian,
Daniel-Iosif Balint,
Vasile Cojocaru,
Ana-Maria Budai
TCFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) is today a standard procedure for
analyzing and simulating the flow through several hydraulic machines.
In this process, the fluid flow domain is divided into small volumes
where the governing equations are converted into algebraic ones,
which are numerically solved. Computational results strongly depend on
the applied mathematical model and on the numerical methods used
for converting the governing equations into the algebraic ones. The
goal of the paper is to evaluate, by numerical simulation, the hydraulic
loads (forces and torques on the runner blades) of an existent Kaplan
turbine and to compare them with the experimental results obtained
from model test.
Pages: 173-182
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text
The Lifetime of the Biplane Disc by using the Mean
Stress Theory
Cristian Marius Mimis,
Tiberiu Stefan Manescu,
Razvan Avram
Butterfly valves in hydroelectric scheme are safety elements that ensure
tightly closed access water into downstream equipment. The operation
conditions of the biplane disc butterfly valve are subjected to
cycles of varying loads. The paper present the lifetime of the butterfly
valve disc by using the Soderberg mean stress theory to find the
minimum number of cycles which the disc can be loaded and
unloaded during the operation of the butterfly valve.
Pages: 183-188
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text
Automatic Control of a Dual-SMA Actuator System
Ion-Cornel Mituletu,
Dorian Anghel
The present paper describes research results considering the automatic
control of a prehension module using a dual shape memory alloy (SMA)
actuator. The offspring targeted a high-speed prehension appliance by
means of adjusting constants of a PID controller. Furthermore, SMA
springs are individually driven according each one’s particularities, aiming
at prolonging life of dual SMA actuator, with respect to parametric
values given by manufacturer. Problem of process control is approached
from few perspectives: automatic control, software implementation
and electronic performance, the first being the one subjected
to following discussion.
Pages: 189-194
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text
Solar Energy as an Alternative to Energy Saving and
Pollutant Emissions Reduction
Arina Negoitescu,
Adriana Tokar
In the paper is analyzed thermal solar systems efficiency from the point
of view of energy savings and pollutant emissions concentrations exhausted
during these installations operation. For this purpose were taking
into account four versions of solar panel systems combined with different
types of conventional heating sources, for which were simulated
the operation conditions. As a result of the simulation, there were obtained
the values of energy savings and pollutant emissions during the
four systems operation. By analyzing these values, the combined thermal
system optimum solution was selected.
Pages: 195-202
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text
A Practical Method to Increase the Frequency
Readability for Vibration Signals
Jean Loius Ntakpe,
Nicoleta Gillich,,
Gilbert-Rainer Gillich
Damage detection and nondestructive evaluation of mechanical and
civil engineering structures are nowadays very important to assess
the integrity and ensure the reliability of structures. Thus, frequency
evaluation becomes a crucial issue, since this modal parameter is
mainly used in structural integrity assessment. The herein presented
study highligts the possibility of increasing the frequency readability
by involving a simple and cost-effective method.
Pages: 203-210
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text
Interpolation of Rainfall-River Orle Discharge for
Developing 1.032 MW of Hydropower in Estako-West, Nigeria
Oyati Edith Nwabuogo,
Olotu Yahaya
Annual rainfall is of great importance to every nation and provides
useful data on agricultural, hydrology and hydraulics designs. The
research study presents the evaluation of the hydropower potential of
river Orle using the analytical potential interpolation of hydrological
elements (Rainfall, river discharges e.t.c) with emphasis of developing
1.032 MW power plant-reservoirs. Hydropower is a renewable energy
source based on the natural water cycle and most mature, reliable and
cost-effective renewable power generation technology. Gumbel’s
Probability Distribution method, U.S Soil Conservation technique and
empirical formulation were used to estimate maximum flood design,
rainfall distribution and intensity and peak river flow. The hydrological
data provided by Benin-Owena River Basin stationed in Auchi
Polytechnic were applied for the analysis. The outputs revealed that
annual average rainfall of 98.1 mm or more in 75-year; 130.1 mm or
more in 50-year out of 100 years. The exceedence probability for a
rainfall of 158.1mm is 0.25 with observed rainfall greater than normal.
At discharge (10.77 * 10-2 m3/s), the proposed Orle hydropower
scheme generated 1.032MW during the peak of wet and 76.6 KW was
evaluated during the drying season at (0.80 * 10-2m3/s). The study
draws a conclusion that for runoff river scheme at 41.7% flow, the total
hydropower potential of 0.676 MW was evaluated.
Pages: 211-221
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text
Physico-Chemical and Microbial Analysis of the
Effects of Abattoirs Operation in Estako-West and
Central, Edo-State, Nigeria
Olaiya S.,
Mahmud Hauwau,
Eboreime Lucky,
Afolabi O.C.
Abattoir wastewater has a complex composition and very harmful to
the environment. There is always need for reduction in the impact of
natural and most especially anthropogenic pollution to enhance water
quality, food safety and sustainable development. Physico-chemical and
microbial properties analysed using standard laboratory procedures
were temperature, pH, conductivity, turbidity, total solid (TS), total
dissolved solid (TDS), total suspended solid (TSS), dissolved oxygen
(DO), acidity, alkalinity, total hardness, calcium and magnesium
hardness, chloride, iron and nitrate. Temperature ranged from 28.04-
29.12C, pH between was 7.67-8.01, Alkalinity is 0.45 mg/l, TS, BOD
and TSS were 700 mm/l, 48 mm/l, 500 mm/l, DO is 2,100 ppm.
Holistic outputs of the investigation revealed various water samples
were contaminated with E. Coli and other enteric bacteria. The
presence of coliform staphylococcus aures indicated the presence of
microorganisms which are associated with water borne disease.
Pages: 222-227
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text
Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in Seawater using
Jatropha Stem
Olawale Olamide,
Oyawale Festus Adekunle,
Adediran Adeolu Adesoji,
Obafemi Akinwale Sunday
The present work investigate the inhibition of Jatropha Stem Extract (JSE) in
sea water using mild steel coupons of dimension 5 × 5 × 0.5 cm. The
cupons were immersed in test solutions of sea water and varied
concentrations of extracts of 0.1g/l to 0.9g/l was used. The functional
groups of the compounds was analyzed using an FTIR. The results showed
that as the concentration of the extract increases, there was a reduction in
the corrosion rates. Furthermore, as the extract concentrations increased
from 0.1g/l to 0.4g/l at 48hrs exposure time, the weight loss decreased by
14.3% in the medium. However, the Jatropha Stem Extract was absorbed on
the substrate surface to inhibit corrosion, the morphology of phases formed
from the scanning Electron Microscopy examination confirmed this trend.
Hence, JSE is a good and safe inhibitor in sea water solution. The FT-IR
results also indicates the presence of active corrosion inhibitor present in the
Jatropha Stem.
Pages: 228-238
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Analysis of Tensile Strength of Bamboo Reinforced
Polyester Composite
Omholua Anthony Omokhudu,
Ujam A.J.,
Uviesherhe Okiemute Edijana
Nigerian grown species of bamboo called bambusa vulgaris which was
examined to analyze its tensile strength. The fibre characteristics and
tensile strength were investigated at three different fibre lengths and
fibre loadings i.e 10, 30,50mm and 10, 30, 50 wt.% respectively. Fibre
length was varied in each fibre loading from 10mm to 50mm, the
tensile strength of the three different series of composites varies from
28.32Mpa to 38.10Mpa. The predicted optimum tensile strength is
44.51Mpa. Generated results have been validated by the confirmation
of experiments at three replications, when the control factors were set
at 30mm and 30% wt or (level 2, level 2), using Taguchi’s design of
experiments approach. It was observed from the analysis of variance of
the samples that there is a variation in the increase of tensile strength
of the bamboo that are dependent on the fibre length and fibre loading
used. The percentage contributions of parameter according to the
pooled ANOVA for signal-to- Noise ratio showed that the fibre length
(36.61%) in controlling variation and mean strength is significantly
smaller than the fibre loading (44.15%).
Pages: 239-248
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text
An Investigation about using Nanorefrigerants in Air
Conditioning Systems According to the Theoretical, CFD and Experimental Review of the Recent Literature
Farshad Panahizadeh,
Navid Bozorgan
Greenhouse gases (GHG) causing global warming and climate change. In the
year 2014, 32.3 billion tones CO2 emitted to the atmosphere as the most
important greenhouse gas. According to the statistics, a significant portion of
this amount is related to electricity demand of air conditioning systems, for
producing a one ton of refrigeration in HVAC air cooled or water cooled
systems respectively 1026 and 764 grams GHG emitted in the atmosphere.
Therefore, air conditioning systems have an important role in the global
warming and climate change. By increasing the COP of air conditioning
systems the electricity demand of them reduced. One strategy for increasing
the COP of air conditioning systems is using nanorefrigerants. In the present
study, a comprehensive information is given regarding to use
nanorefrigerants in air conditioning systems according to the theoretical, CFD
and experimental review of the recent literature. This paper gives assistance
to designers of air conditioning systems in their future efforts for selecting
refrigerant for their systems.
Pages: 249-260
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text
Electrical Field Distribution Analysis on Human Being
Placed under High Voltage Lines
Ion Paraschiv,
Ion Voncila,
Madalin Costin,
Sergiu Ivas
The paper presents the interaction between electric field of a high voltage
line and the body of a human being placed near the line, for normal
situation, when human being is placed on the ground or in accidental
situation when the human being is placed near the line. The research
is based on a simplified model of human being solved by finite
elements method. Both aspects as field measure (as a disturbance for
human being) and energy one has been pointed out and, finally, forces
via weighted tensor developed between field and human being. The
work results, developed in this paper, may be successful used in the
order to improve the normative exigencies for different practice field interactions.
Pages: 261-272
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text
Study of Energy Losses in High-Voltage Induction
Motor Electric Drive
Svilen Rachev,
Cornelia Anghel Drugarin,
Konstantinos Karakoulidis,
Ivaylo Dimitrov,
Lyubomir Dimitrov
The dynamic behavior during operation of the high-voltage induction
motor electric drive has been studied by means of mathematical model
developed. The purpose is to draw out more clearly picture of
operation of high-voltage induction motor drives. The system of
differential equations has been transformed and solved using suitable
software. As a result the values of the energy losses components in the
induction motor have been obtained according to different values of
supply voltage and factor of inertia. Some of the study results have
been presented graphically. An analysis has been made and
conclusions from the results obtained have been done.
Pages: 273-282
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text
An Application for the Improvement of the Transportation
System of the Flour in a Grain Mill using
"PID Compact"
Eugen Raduca,
Marius Schmidt,
Cornel Hatiegan,
Ioan Halalae,
Silviu Draghici
The paper presents an application based on a PLC Simatic S7-1200, using
the "PID_Compact" logical function, which can be used for the improvement
of control systems. We also present a practical application:
a system for the improvement of the transportation system of the flour
in a grain mill using "PID Compact" .
Pages: 283-290
full
text
Combined Effects of Hall Current and Chemical
Reaction on Unsteady MHD Flow Past an Impulsively Started Vertical Plate with Constant
Wall Temperature and Mass Diffusion
Uday Singh Rajput,
Neetu Kanaujia
Combined effects of Hall current and chemical reaction on unsteady
MHD flow past a vertical plate with constant wall temperature and
mass diffusion is studied here. The fluid considered is electrically conducting
and heat generating. The Laplace transform technique has
been used to find the solutions for the velocity and Skin friction. The
velocity profile, temperature and mass diffusion have been studied for
different parameters like Schmidt number, Hall parameter, magnetic
parameter, chemical reaction parameter, mass Grashof number, thermal
Grashof number, Prandtl number, and time. The effect of parameters
is shown graphically, and the values of the skin-friction have been
tabulated
Pages: 291-304
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text
Chemical Reaction Effect on Unsteady MHD Flow
Past an Exponentially Accelerated Inclined Plate
with Variable Temperature and Mass Diffusion in
the Presence of Hall Current
Uday Singh Rajput,
Gaurav Kumar
Chemical reaction effect on unsteady MHD flow past an exponentially
accelerated inclined plate with variable temperature and mass diffusion
in the presence of Hall current is studied here. The fluid considered is
gray, absorbing-emitting radiation but a non-scattering medium. The
Governing equations involved in the present analysis are solved by the
Laplace-transform technique. The velocity profile is discussed with the
help of graphs drawn for different parameters like Grashof number,
mass Grashof Number, Prandtl number, Chemical reaction parameter,
Hall current parameter, accelerated parameter, the magnetic field
parameter and Schmidt number, and the numerical values of
skin-friction and Sherwood number have been tabulated.
Pages: 305-319
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text
Study Regarding the Identification of an Internal
Combustion Engine
Ioan Ruja,
Elisabeta Spunei,
Monica Rosu
The paper presents the results of the scientific investigations performed
on an Otto engine. One conducted surveys on the analytic and experimental
modelling of the internal combustion engine, considered as
automated system element. The results of the analytical study are concretised
in the mathematical model of the engine, expressed in the operational.
The experimental results are concretised in the indicial response
in rotating speed, as well as in the determination of the constants
of interest. The investigation methods used in conducting the
survey were: experimental identification based on the indicial response
of the engine and the analytical identification based on the mathematical
models of diverse engine subsystems.
Pages: 320-328
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Model of Agricultural Sprayer Installation and Nozzle
Operation
Fanel Dorel Scheaua
The cultivation of agricultural land represents an important field of
interest for all countries because through this area basic food is
provided for human communities. Agricultural machines are considered
part of special mechanical equipments category intended to perform
mechanized works in farmlands, in order to obtain the optimal
harvests. This paper shows a functional description of sprayer
installation model which can be attached to the agricultural tractors. It
represents an auxiliary installation capable of preparing the fluid
mixtures to achieve the application of different sanitary treatments
(herbicides, fungicides, insecticides) on field crops, using the hydraulic
system of the agricultural tractor to which is connecting. The mounting
solution for the installation is at the rear side of the tractor being the
model widely used on most constructive pattern of agricultural tractors.
Also a CFD analysis it was conducted on two nozzle models that can be
used for treatment application on crops in agricultural fields. The
results are presented for each nozzle model highlighting the fluid
velocity substance coverage and total pressure for each model.
Pages: 329-336
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A Comparative Study of Outdoor Lighting System
Performance
Elisabeta Spunei,
Ion Piroi,
Florina Piroi
We analyse in this work three outdoor lighting systems using three
types of light sources, in order to determine their performance with respect
to outdoor lighting restrictions. The study in this work contributes
to gaining insights on how to increase the outdoor lighting systems’
energy efficiency. We analyse two LED source types and one sodium
fumes light source type, which illuminates various sections on a street
in Reşiţa, Romania. Upon analysing and processing the data, we establish
the performances of each of the three lighting sources, whether
they respect the imposed standards, and which one is the best lighting
source to choose. This work shows the necessity of field measurements
regarding the lighting system efficiency before the acquirement of a
specific system type.
Pages: 337-346
full text
Considerations on Seismic Design of Installations
using Natural Gas Fuel
Adriana Tokar,
Arina Negoitescu
The paper presents issues relating to existing standards underlying
seismic design restrictions for non-structural components (NSC) related
to constructions. Are presented measures that can be implemented to
maintain a high level of safety in case of earthquake, natural gas
plants, which due to the flammability of fuel, carry some risk of fire or
explosion. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the need for seismic
design of facilities using natural gas fuel for new buildings but also to
review the existing installations in buildings by taking mandatory measures.
Pages: 347-356
full text
Resita in Permanent Evolution of Industrial Research
and Development
Ion Vela,
Daniel Gheorghe Vela,
Monica Rosu
The paper presents aspects related to the evolution of industry at Reşiţa,
where in 1771 they put the first high furnace into exploitation.
Along time these furnaces have undergone continuous improvements
and modernisations, and in 1868 the Reşiţa Works started producing
steel and two Bessemer converters were mounted. Due to the continual
operation and enhancement, in conditions of „permanent fire”, Reşiţa
acquired the name of Romania’s „FIRE CITADEL”. In parallel machinebuilding
industry also developed at Reşiţa. The increase of the necessary
quality products imposed the development of scientific research
and of the specialised schools and colleges.
Pages: 357-368
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Calibration of Soil Moisture Measurement Using Pr2
Moisture Meter and Gravimetric-Based Approaches
Olotu Yahaya,
Omoregie Alexander,
Dirisu H.O.,,
Alhassan A.I.
The research study strongly focused on creating strong mechanism for
measuring and evaluating soil moisture content comparing PR2
capacitance moisture meter and gravimetric approach. PR2 moisture
meter shows a better performance accuracy of 6%; 0.06 m3/m3 and
intercept a0 =1.8; indicating the field is heavy clay. It measures to
1000 mm depth with high precision; while realistic result could not be
obtained from gravimetric method at this measuring depth. Therefore,
effective soil moisture measuring, monitoring and evaluation can be
achieved with PR2 moisture meter.
Pages: 369-377
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Renewable Energy Deployment as Climate Change
Mitigation in Nigeria
Olotu Yahaya,
Oyati Edith Nwabuogo
The scientific evidence of climate change as a result of greenhouse gas
emissions which causes ozone layer depletion is becoming increasingly
obvious and clear. Findings revealed that energy from the fossil fuel is
the major source of greenhouse emission which destroys the
environment and makes it unhealthy for living beings. In Nigeria,
conventional energy (oil and gas) with gas flaring has the highest
percentage of 52% and liquid fuel of 32% of carbon dioxide (CO2)
respectively. This sector contributes revenue of over 70% to Nigeria’s
economy and generates an average total 21.8% of greenhouse gas
emission. In Nigeria, there is a much more potential for share
renewables with 15.4% of total energy production and 8.6 % of energy
consumption. In reality with global environmental concern, Nigeria’s
carbon dioxide emissions have increased with energy production and
consumption. The Integrated Renewable Energy Master Plan of 2008
projects a 26.7% renewable energy contribution to the Nigeria’s energy
use and this is expected to reduce CO2 and greenhouse gas emissions
at 38% by2025. Nigeria has not been playing significant role by
reducing emissions of greenhouse gases. This paper highlights Nigeria’s
climate change situation and penetration requirements for various
renewable energy deployments as mitigating instrument for climate
change towards healthy and productive environment.
Pages: 378-392
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